\documentclass{utmthesis}
% Options
% Size [a4draft, b5final]
% Language [english, malay]
% Printing [twoside, oneside]
% Default option [a4draft, english, twoside]
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage{pdflscape}
\usepackage{longtable}
%the following lines are for Overleaf only. If you wish to use it offline, you may comment the following three lines
\usepackage{titlesec}
\titlespacing*{\section} {0pt}{2\baselineskip}{\baselineskip}
\titlespacing*{\subsection} {0pt}{2\baselineskip}{\baselineskip}
%%% You MUST load the natbib package if you want to use author-date bibliography style. Also remember to change the bibliography style at the bottom of the .tex file.
% Comment natbib for citation by number
%\usepackage{natbib}
%\let\cite\cite
%This is to make sure vertical spacing non-stretchable
\raggedbottom
\begin{document}
% Required information
\title{The Thesis Title}
\titletwo{Second Line (Optional)}
\titlethree{Third Line (Optional)}
\titlefour{Fourth Line (Optional)}
\author{The Author}
\dob{1 January 1900}
\metricno{PKE180000}
\degree{Doctor of Philosophy}
\specialization{Specialization}
\school{School Name}
\faculty{Faculty Name}
\titledate{October 2023}
\titleyear{2023}
\semester{2023/2024-1}
\signingdate{8 October 2023}
\award{5}
% Options for Award
% 1. Bachelor Degree Project Report
% 2. Master's Project Report (By course work)
% 3. Master's Dissertation (By course work and research)
% 4. Master's Thesis (By research)
% 5. Doctor of Philosophy Thesis
% 6. Other PhD Thesis
% 7. Generic PhD Thesis
% 8. Thesis Proposal
\superone{My Supervisor}
\supertwo{Second SV}
\superthree{Third SV}
% \superfour{Fourth SV}
% \superfive{Fifth SV}
\backpageabstract{A 1-page abstract is a movie (thesis) trailer. Avoid summarizing your Introduction chapter. Focus on the problem statement, hypothesis/objective, research approach, quantitative validation summary, and implication of your findings. For Ph.D., emphasize on original contributions.}
% Mandatory pages
\coverpage
\superpage
% This page is optional when the research involved cooperation with external entities
\certification
% Mandatory pages
\frontmatter
\maketitle
\declaration
\normalsize
\begin{acknowledgement}
I dedicate this template to those who have spent countless hours to make this possible.
\end{acknowledgement}
\begin{abstract}
A 1-page abstract is a \emph{movie (thesis) trailer}. Avoid summarizing your Introduction chapter. Focus on the problem statement, hypothesis/objective, research approach, quantitative validation summary, and implication of your findings. For Ph.D., emphasize on original contributions.
\end{abstract}
\begin{abstrak}
The Malay abstract is written as the sentence structure of the English abstract. All specific terms must be checked with Dewan Bahasa and Pustaka (\url{http://prpm.dbp.gov.my/}).
\end{abstrak}
\tableofcontents
\listoftables
\listoffigures
%List of abbreviation
\listofabbre
\addabbre{PC}{Personal Computer}
\addabbre{UTM}{Universiti Teknologi Malaysia}
\addabbre{WWW}{World Wide Web}
%List of symbols
\listofsymbols
\addsymbol{$\gamma$}{Whatever}
\addsymbol{$k_i$}{Whatever}
%Uncomment if have appendices
\listofappendices
\mainmatter
\chapter{Introduction}
This template conforms with the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 2023 new requirement \cite{utm:thesis:manual}.
Students who wish to learn more on LyX should refer to documentations
available here \cite{lyx:download}. You do not need to know deep
on LaTeX \cite{latex:wikibook} to use this LyX template.
\section{Definition of thesis }
A \emph{Thesis} (generic term, see also Figure~\ref{fig1})
is a documented evidence of defined scope and length that a candidate
is
\begin{itemize}
\item Understand relevant theoretical issues
\item Technically competent
\item Has critical-thinking ability
\item Able to \emph{conduct scholarly research}
\end{itemize}
\begin{figure}[h]
\begin{centering}
\includegraphics[width=1\textwidth]{./figs/fig1}
\par\end{centering}
\caption{The origin of thesis.}
\label{fig1}
\end{figure}
Students have to write a scientific document of a defined scope and
length to demonstrate the achievement. According to UTM nomenclature
\begin{itemize}
\item UG FYP - \emph{report}
\item Master by taughtcourse project - \emph{project report}
\item Master by taughtcourse and research (mixed-mode) - \emph{dissertation}
\item Master by research and PhD - \emph{thesis}
\end{itemize}
Different degree level has different expectation
\begin{itemize}
\item Undergraduate report demonstrates the capacity to apply basic research
skills in an area of interest. At this level, the focus is on gaining
\textbf{broad competencies}.
\item Masters thesis/dissertation/report demonstrates the capacity to apply
advanced research skills (i.e. move \textbf{beyond basic} research
skills) in an area of interest to a Master student is able to incorporate
some critical insights in his/her study. At this level, the focus
is on developing critical thinking in a subject area.
\item PhD thesis demonstrates the capacity to apply \textbf{specialized}
research skills (i.e. expert knowledge of a particular concept or
method) in an area of interest so that a PhD student can make significant
and original contribution to knowledge. At this level, the focus is
on identifying a 'gap' in knowledge and addressing it, hence advancement
in knowledge in a field of study.
\end{itemize}
\chapter{Thesis structure}
\section{Flow of arguments}
Each thesis is unique and depends on the writer and the editor (your
supervisor). There is no cast-on-stone and rigid thesis structure.
The following example a good starting point.
\subsection{Thesis Title}
Thesis title should be a concise description of the main focus and
contribution of the research. It should show strength and specificity of the thesis work.
\subsection{Abstract }
\begin{itemize}
\item A short summary of the the thesis/dissertation/report
\begin{itemize}
\item Describe the problem and the research approach
\item Emphasize the original contributions
\item A movie trailer and not a summary of thesis
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\subsection{Introducing your work}
\begin{itemize}
\item An overview of the problem
\begin{itemize}
\item Problem motivation and why it is important
\item Problem definition highlight what had been done before and the research
gap to be studied, worthy a (PhD, Master, or UG) degree
\item Your hypothesis or objective of the thesis
\item Organization of the thesis -- you should guide the readers on what
to expect next
\end{itemize}
\item Make it readable by anyone
\end{itemize}
\subsection{Discussion of the problem and state-of-the-art solutions to problem }
\begin{itemize}
\item Usually titled as Literature Review
\item Not a literature survey in general, but rather a synthesis of the
state-of-the-art related to the thesis!
\begin{itemize}
\item Can also include a background information -- brief synthesis of the
most relevant aspects related to the thesis in order to help the reader
understand the context and the contributions coming from other disciplines.
\item It can also be used to better motivate the research question.
\item Identify gaps/limitations of existing state-of-the-arts
\item Background \& related work may overlap
\begin{itemize}
\item Need to discuss related work at start to set the scene
\item Need to discuss related work at end to demonstrate your originality
\item But not cut and paste!
\item Exercise your synthesis and critic skills!
\end{itemize}
\item Make the definitions precise, concise, and unambiguous.
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\subsection{Your proposed work}
\begin{itemize}
\item Usually entitled Methodology, but not necessary
\item Here you develop your conceptual contribution, i.e. the central concept
of your work
\begin{itemize}
\item Discussion of the thesis and different perspectives of analysis of
the research question
\begin{itemize}
\item Definition of problem
\item Formulation of concepts, definitions, theories
\end{itemize}
\item Research design
\begin{itemize}
\item Elaboration of frameworks, models, architectures
\item Methods and procedure, variables
\item May include description of a prototype system implementation and its
use towards solving the research problem
\item Can include some context information (e.g. development software, test
environment, procedure, limitations, assumptions, range of validity)
\item But not too many details!!!
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\subsection{Validation of hypothesis}
\begin{itemize}
\item Usually titled as Result and Discussion
\item Describe experiment details that provide evidence in support of your
thesis
\begin{itemize}
\item Developing a prototype may not enough to validate the thesis -- at
most it is a proof of feasibility of your system
\item Validation is about collecting (enough) evidence to convince the other
researchers about the validity of the thesis through
\begin{itemize}
\item A proper (systematic) method
\item Organized argumentation (is important)
\end{itemize}
\item Analysis and concepts form the heart of the work
\item It must state what was learned, not only the facts that were gathered!
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\subsection{Take home message to readers}
\begin{itemize}
\item Summarize what was learned and how it can be applied
\begin{itemize}
\item Include the broader implications of your results
\item Do not repeat word for word the abstract, introduction or discussion
\item Mention the possibilities for future research
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\subsection{References to back up your statements}
\begin{itemize}
\item If you make a statement, back it up with your own data or a reference
\begin{itemize}
\item All references cited in the text must be listed
\item UTM supports either the numbering or author-year format
\item Try to avoid inclusion of references as footnotes
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\subsection{Appendices}
\begin{itemize}
\item This is an optional part
\begin{itemize}
\item It can include:
\begin{itemize}
\item Implementation details
\item Detailed experiment data
\end{itemize}
\item May be important to
\begin{itemize}
\item Convince the reader
\item Help others replicating the experiment
\end{itemize}
\item ... but are \textquotedblleft boring\textquotedblright{} or too detailed
to include in the main body of the thesis
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\section{Suggested order for writing}
\begin{itemize}
\item Begin by writing the chapters that describe your research (2,3, 4,
and 5 in the above outline)
\item Define all technical terms and make the definitions precise and formal
\item After reading the main chapters to verify terminology, write the conclusions
\item Write the introduction
\item Complete with an abstract
\end{itemize}
\section{The revision journey }
\begin{itemize}
\item Revise them and start getting feedback
\begin{itemize}
\item \textbf{think-plan-write-revise} cycles
\end{itemize}
\item Get early feedback from colleagues
\begin{itemize}
\item Starting with the key chapters
\end{itemize}
\item Carefully revise those chapters before giving them to your supervisor
\item When you have a complete draft
\begin{itemize}
\item Consider 2 or 3 complete revision/editing iterations!
\item Could be more
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\chapter{Results and Discussion}
\section{Equations}
Use AMS packages when necessary. Here is an example of an equation array.
\begin{eqnarray}
A&=&B,\nonumber\\
&=&D,\\
E&=&F
\end{eqnarray}
\section{Graphic and Images}
A good thesis needs good diagrams/graphs/illustrations. Spend some
time doing in properly. A good picture tells a thousand words.
\section{Floats}
\begin{itemize}
\item A float doesn't have a fixed location.
\begin{itemize}
\item It can ``float'' forward or backward to wherever it fits best to
get a high quality layout.
\item Caption as part of a float.
\end{itemize}
\item Float Placement
\begin{itemize}
\item [h]: try to place the float at the
position where it is inserted
\item [t]: try to place the float at the top
of the current page
\item [b]: try to place the float at the
bottom of the current page
\item [p]: try to place the float at an own
page
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\begin{figure}[!ht]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.5\linewidth]{./figs/fig2}
\caption{Example of a figure. This is a long, very long, long long, long caption. You can give a shorter caption for the ``list of figures" using the square bracket symbol.}
\end{figure}
\begin{table}[!ht]
\centering
\caption{The role of statistical quality engineering tools and methodologies}
\vspace{\baselineskip}
\begin{tabular}{l c c}
\hline
\hline
Temperature & Resonant Frequency & Q factor\\
\hline
13 mK $\pm$ 1 mK & 16.93 & 811 \\
40 mK $\pm$ 1 mK & 16.93 & 817 \\
100 mK $\pm$ 1 mK & 16.93 & 815 \\
300 mK $\pm$ 1 mK & 16.93 & 806\\
500 mK $\pm$ 1 mK & 16.93 & 811\\
800 mK $\pm$ 5 mK & 16.93 & 814\\
1000 mK $\pm$ 5 mK & 16.93 & 806 \\
\hline
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\begin{landscape}
\begin{table}[p]
\centering
\caption{The role of statistical quality engineering tools and methodologies}
\vspace{\baselineskip}
\begin{tabular}{l c c}
\hline
\hline
Temperature & Resonant Frequency & Q factor\\
\hline
13 mK $\pm$ 1 mK & 16.93 & 811 \\
40 mK $\pm$ 1 mK & 16.93 & 817 \\
100 mK $\pm$ 1 mK & 16.93 & 815 \\
300 mK $\pm$ 1 mK & 16.93 & 806\\
500 mK $\pm$ 1 mK & 16.93 & 811\\
800 mK $\pm$ 5 mK & 16.93 & 814\\
1000 mK $\pm$ 5 mK & 16.93 & 806 \\
\hline
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{landscape}
\begin{center}
\begin{longtable}{|l|l|l|}
\caption{Feasible triples for highly variable Grid, MLMMH. Can include some context information (e.g. development software, test environment, procedure, limitations, assumptions, range of validity}
\label{grid_mlmmh} \\
\hline \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{\textbf{Time (s)}} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{\textbf{Triple chosen}} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{\textbf{Other feasible triples}} \\ \hline
\endfirsthead
\multicolumn{3}{c}%
{{\tablename\ \thetable{} -- continued from previous page}} \\
\hline \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{\textbf{Time (s)}} &
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{\textbf{Triple chosen}} &
\multicolumn{1}{c|}{\textbf{Other feasible triples}} \\ \hline
\endhead
\hline \multicolumn{3}{r}{{Continued on next page}} \\
\endfoot
\hline \hline
\endlastfoot
0 & (1, 11, 13725) & (1, 12, 10980), (1, 13, 8235), (2, 2, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
2745 & (1, 12, 10980) & (1, 13, 8235), (2, 2, 0), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
5490 & (1, 12, 13725) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
8235 & (1, 12, 16470) & (1, 13, 13725), (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
10980 & (1, 12, 16470) & (1, 13, 13725), (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
13725 & (1, 12, 16470) & (1, 13, 13725), (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
16470 & (1, 13, 16470) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
19215 & (1, 12, 16470) & (1, 13, 13725), (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
21960 & (1, 12, 16470) & (1, 13, 13725), (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
24705 & (1, 12, 16470) & (1, 13, 13725), (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
27450 & (1, 12, 16470) & (1, 13, 13725), (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
30195 & (2, 2, 2745) & (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
32940 & (1, 13, 16470) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
35685 & (1, 13, 13725) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
38430 & (1, 13, 10980) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
41175 & (1, 12, 13725) & (1, 13, 10980), (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
43920 & (1, 13, 10980) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
46665 & (2, 2, 2745) & (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
49410 & (2, 2, 2745) & (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
52155 & (1, 12, 16470) & (1, 13, 13725), (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
54900 & (1, 13, 13725) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
57645 & (1, 13, 13725) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
60390 & (1, 12, 13725) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
63135 & (1, 13, 16470) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
65880 & (1, 13, 16470) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
68625 & (2, 2, 2745) & (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
71370 & (1, 13, 13725) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
74115 & (1, 12, 13725) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
76860 & (1, 13, 13725) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
79605 & (1, 13, 13725) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
82350 & (1, 12, 13725) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
85095 & (1, 12, 13725) & (1, 13, 10980), (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
87840 & (1, 13, 16470) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
90585 & (1, 13, 16470) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
93330 & (1, 13, 13725) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
96075 & (1, 13, 16470) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
98820 & (1, 13, 16470) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
101565 & (1, 13, 13725) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
104310 & (1, 13, 16470) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
107055 & (1, 13, 13725) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
109800 & (1, 13, 13725) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
112545 & (1, 12, 16470) & (1, 13, 13725), (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
115290 & (1, 13, 16470) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
118035 & (1, 13, 13725) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
120780 & (1, 13, 16470) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
123525 & (1, 13, 13725) & (2, 2, 2745), (2, 3, 0), (3, 1, 0) \\
\end{longtable}
\end{center}
\chapter{Conclusion}
That's all folks. Please read further on how to use the template. It is not a silver bullet.
\section{Research Outcomes}
\section{Contributions to Knowledge}
\section{Future Works}
%select one
%Use authordate with natbib, comment if using numbering
%\bibliographystyle{utmthesis-authordate}
%When using numbering, comment when using author-year
%Numbering does not use \citep nor citet (natbib)
\bibliographystyle{utmthesis-numbering}
\bibliography{reference}
\appendix
\chapter{Time-series Data}
Some data
%-----------List of Publication-----------%
%This is not required for FYP project report
\listofpublications
\noindent \textbf{Journal Articles}
\begin{enumerate}
\item Paper 1
\item Paper 2
\end{enumerate}
\noindent\textbf{Conference proceedings}
\begin{enumerate}
\item Paper 3
\item Paper 4
\end{enumerate}
%This is required to make List of Appendices possible. Remove when have no appendix.
\endmatter
\end{document}
